11. Possible applications of supercritical carbon dioxide cycles – a review

Możliwości zastosowania obiegów z nadkrytycznym dwutlenkiem węgla - przegląd
 Marcin Wołowicz, Jarosław Milewski
carbon dioxide, supercritical cycles
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Supercritical CO2 is a fluid state of carbon dioxide where it is held above its critical point (i.e., critical pressure and temperature). The density at that point is similar to that of a liquid and allows for the pumping power needed in a compressor to be significantly reduced, thus significantly increasing the thermal-to-electric energy conversion efficiency. In the 1960s were studied various gases properties for a purpose of finding the most suitable one for a supercritical thermodynamic cycle. Carbon dioxide was proposed as a working fluid due to several reasons. The paper presents the possibilities of using systems with supercritical carbon dioxide cycles for applications in cooperation with other technologies. The possibility of cooperation with nuclear reactors has been presented. In addition, the possibility of cooperation with concentrating solar power is described. The use of this technology together with the Solar Concentrating Rankine Cycle (SCRC) seems particularly promising. Other possibilities of using supercritical carbon dioxide described in the paper are cooperation with fuel cells, in particular high-temperature fuel cells (SOFC and MCFC), with cycles fueled by conventional fuels and using waste heat.